What does ransomware do to computer files?

Ransomware specifically targets computer files by encrypting them, making them inaccessible to the user until a ransom is paid to the attacker. This malicious software operates by locking the victims out of their own data, which can lead to significant disruptions in business operations, especially in healthcare settings where timely access to patient data is crucial.

When ransomware encrypts files, it usually displays a ransom note, informing the victim of the situation and demanding payment, typically in cryptocurrency, for the decryption key. The main objective of ransomware is financial gain through coercion. It is essential for those in the healthcare field to understand the implications of such attacks, including the potential risk to patient care and the necessary preventive measures to secure sensitive health information.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately represent the primary function of ransomware. Deleting files, backing them up, or merely changing their extensions are actions that do not involve the coercive element of ransom or the encryption process that characterizes ransomware attacks. Understanding the nature of ransomware is vital for future healthcare professionals as they will likely encounter these threats in their careers.